RESIN SOLUBILITY

As shown in Table V (page 8), "Elvacite" acrylic resins are soluble in many solvents commonly used in formulating lacquers, adhesives, inks and related products. Ketones, esters and the lower boiling aromatics are practical solvents for all grades of "Elvacite". Xylene is an effective solvent for "Elvacite" 2013, 2042, and the butyl methacrylate polymers, but not for the methyl methacrylate resins with the exception of "Elvacite" 2009.

Alphabetic hydrocarbons have essentially no solvent action on the methyl methacrylate resins. However, the butyl methacrylate resins are readily soluble in VM & p naphtha and some grades of mineral spirits. Solutions of "Elvacite" 2044, 2045, and 2046 in these low-cost hydrocarbon solvents have workable viscosities even at solids contents as high as 30-40% by weight.

All grades of "Elvacite" are soluble in cyclic ethers and in some organic acids. Tetrahydrofuran (THF)1* is particularly effective. Since THF is also a powerful solvent for high-molecular-weight vinyl resins, including polyvinyl chloride, it is a convenient medium for applying combinations of "Elvacite" and vinyl resins in applications such as vinyl fabric topcoating.

Solubility in glycol ethers varies with the grade of "Elvacite" and the specific ether. All of the "Elvacite" resins are soluble in "Cellosolve"2, "Ektasolve" EE5, and other proprietary grades of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether. The corresponding methyl ether (methyl "Cellosolve"2, "Ektasolve" EM5, etc.) is a solvent for the methyl and ethyl methacrylate resins and copolymers but not for the butyl methacrylate resins.

Alcohols as a class are poor solvents for methacrylate polymers. The butyl methacrylate resins are soluble in the higher (C3-C10) aliphatic alcohols including cyclohexanol, and in benzyl and furfuryl alcohols. Alcohols with an aromatic character are solvents for the other grades of "Elvacite" as well as the butyl resins. "Elvacite" 2043 and 2028 are low-viscosity resins designed particularly for application from alcohol- based solvent systems. They form clear solutions in some of the lower alcohols at room temperature, and show excellent solubility in alcohol/ester mixtures containing relatively small amounts of an ester such as ethyl or propyl acetate or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate. This permits their use in flexographic inks and other applications where more active solvents are undesirable because of their effect on rubber rolls or sensitive substrates. "Elvacite" 2043 is also soluble in ethyl alcohol/water/ammonia mixtures; clear films can be obtained by including a small amount of a higher boiling active solvent

"Elvacite" 2013 copolymer resin, although it is not soluble in aliphatic alcohols, can be applied from alcohol/ester and other alcohol-rich mixtures. Like "Elvacite" 2043, it is soluble in ethyl alcohol/water/ ammonia mixtures, but it tolerates less water and requires the addition of more high boiling active solvent to deposit clear films.  

 

TABLE ¥´  Solubility of "Elvacite" Acrylic Resinsa

 

Methyl

Methacrylate Resins

Methacrylate

Copolymer Resins

Ethyl

Methacrylate

Resins

Butyl

Methacrylate

Resins

Solvent

2008

2009

2010

2021

2041

2013

2014

2016

2028

2550

2552

2614

2042

2043

2044

2046

2045

Alcohols

 

 

 

 

Methyl alcohol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Ethyl alcohol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

S

I

I

I

I

S

I

C

n-Propyl alcohol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

 

 

 

I

S

S

S

Isopropyl alcohol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

SC

S

I

I

I

C

S

S

Isoamyl alcohol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

C

 

 

 

I

SC

S

S

Cyclohexanol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

S

 

 

 

I

I

S

S

Ethylene glycol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Glycerol

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Amides

 

 

 

 

Formamide

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Dimethyl formamide

(DMF)

Sb

Sb

Sb

S

S

S

C

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Chlorohydrocarbons

 

 

 

 

Methylene chloride

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Ethylene dichloride

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

-

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Perchloroethylene

C

C

C

I

I

C

S

-

C

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

1,1,1-Tricholoroethane

I

I

I

I

I

S

I

S

I

 

S£ª

S

S

C

S

S

Esters

 

 

 

 

Methyl fomate

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Ethyl acetate

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Isopropyl acetate

S

S

S

S

C

S

S

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

n-Butyl acetate

S

S

S

C

I

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

n-Amyl acetate

C

C

C

C

C

S

S

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Butyl lactate

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Propylene glycol

monoethyl ether acetate

S

S

S

S

I

S

C

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

C/S

S

Methyl amyl acetate

I

I

I

I

I

S

C

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

 

TABLE ¥´   Solubility of "Elvacite" Acrylic Resins"

 

Methyl

Methacrylate Resins

Methacrylate

Copolymer Resins

Ethyl

Methacrylate

Resins

Butyl

Methacrylate

Resins

Solvent

2008

2009

2010

2021

2041

2013

2014

2016

2028

2550

2552

2614

2042

2043

2044

2046

2045

Ethers

 

 

 

Diethyl ether

I

I

I

I

I

C

I

S

S

-

-

-

S

S

S

S

Diisopropyl ether

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

-

I

-

-

-

I

I

I

I

Tetrahydrofuran

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

-

-

-

S

S

S

S

"Cellosolve"solvent2

C

S

S

S

C

S

S

S

S

-

-

-

S

S

S

S

Hydrocarbons

 

 

  

Toluene

C

S

S

S

I

S

S

S

S

S

S*

S

S

C

S

S

Xylene

I

S

I

I

I

S

S

S

S

S

S*

S

S

C

S

S

n-Hexane

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

C

C

Cyclohexane

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

-

-

-

I

I

S

S

VM£¦P naphtha

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

-

-

-

I

I

S

S

Mineral spirits

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

-

 

-

I

I

Sd

Sd

Turpentine

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

-

-

-

I

I

S

S

Ketones

 

 

 

Acetone

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Methyl ethyl ketone

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Methyl isobutyl ketone

C

C

C

I

I

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Diisobutyl ketone

I

I

I

I

I

S

C

S

S

S

I

I

S

S

S

S

Cyclohexanone

I

S

I

I

I

S

S

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Isophorone

I

I

I

I

I

S

S

-

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Diacetone alcohol

C

S

S

C

C

S

S

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Methyl amyl ketone

I

S

I

I

I

S

S

S

S

 

 

 

S

S

S

S

Nitrile

 

 

 

Acetonitrile

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

-

S

-

-

-

S

S

I

I

Nitroparaffins

 

 

 

Nitromethane

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

-

-

-

S

C

I

I

Nitroethane

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

-

S

-

-

-

S

C

S

S

Vegetable Oils

 

 

 

Castor oil

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

 

 

Linseed oil(alkali-refined)

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

 

 

a) Solubility of 230%(wt) resin at room temperature        

b) Two liquid phases.     

c) Two liquid phases below 24¡É(75¡ÆF)                                                     

d) Soluble in mineral spirits containing at least 10% aromatics.

*Superscript numbers refer to List lf Suppliers, page 34.